Table 3.
Relative risk of mortality from various diseases associated with current smoker status in Korean women
| Cause of death | ICD-10 code | NHIS-KCPS (n=481,071) | KMSMS (n=130,914) | KCPS-II (n=92,325) | Combined cohort (n=704,310) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause | 1.52 (1.49, 1.55) | 2.01 (1.85, 2.18) | 2.04 (1.78, 2.35) | 1.83 (1.46, 2.29)1 | |
| All cancers | 1.46 (1.40, 1.53) | 1.75 (1.52, 2.01) | 1.81 (1.44, 2.28) | 1.63 (1.40, 1.90)1 | |
| Oropharynx | C00-C14 | 1.21 (0.69, 2.13) | 1.76 (0.41, 7.62) | NE | 1.21 (0.69, 2.13)1 |
| Esophagus | C15 | 1.83 (1.06, 3.18) | 8.75 (0.73, 104.99) | NE | 2.45 (0.74, 8.11)1 |
| Stomach | C16 | 1.16 (1.03, 1.30) | 1.88 (1.20, 2.94) | 1.61 (0.74, 3.50) | 1.41 (0.99, 2.02)1 |
| Small intestine | C17 | NE | NE | NE | NE |
| Colon | C18 | 1.12 (0.95, 1.33) | 1.16 (0.59, -2.29) | 1.27 (0.46, 3.51) | 1.13 (0.96, 1.33)1 |
| Rectum | C19, C20 | 1.14 (0.91, 1.43) | 1.03 (0.42, 2.57) | 0.94 (0.23, 3.94) | 1.13 (0.91, 1.40)1 |
| Liver | C22 | 1.18 (1.02, 1.37) | 1.60 (1.03, 2.48) | 1.86 (0.89, 3.85) | 1.24 (1.08, 1.42)1 |
| Gallbladder | C23, C24 | 1.14 (0.97, 1.34) | 0.97 (0.49, 1.91) | 3.02 (1.48, 6.14) | 1.41 (0.81, 2.48)1 |
| Pancreas | C25 | 1.16 (0.99, 1.37) | 1.17 (0.71, 1.92) | 1.82 (0.79, 4.23) | 1.18 (1.01, 1.37)1 |
| Larynx | C32 | 7.31 (3.91, 13.66) | NE | NE | 7.31 (3.91, 13.66)2 |
| Lung | C34 | 3.18 (2.91, 3.47) | 3.92 (3.02, 5.08) | 2.92 (1.82, 4.69) | 3.23 (2.98, 3.51)1 |
| Brain | C71 | NE | NE | NE | NE |
| Thyroid | C73 | NE | NE | NE | NE |
| Leukemia | C91-C95 | NE | NE | NE | NE |
| Bladder | C67 | 1.59 (1.12, 2.28) | NE | NE | 1.59 (1.12, 2.28)2 |
| Kidney | C64 | NE | NE | NE | NE |
| Breast | C50 | 0.80 (0.57, 1.13) | 1.47 (0.86, 2.52) | 1.74 (0.84, 3.62) | 1.19 (0.71, 1.98)1 |
| Cervix | C53 | 1.68 (1.27, 2.23) | 1.31 (0.40, 4.30) | NE | 1.66 (1.26, 2.18)1 |
| Ovary | C56 | 1.26 (0.92, 1.73) | 1.41 (0.71, 2.80) | NE | 1.28 (0.96, 1.71)1 |
| Circulatory | 1.54 (1.48, 1.60) | 2.18 (1.80, 2.65) | 1.85 (1.12, 3.08) | 1.81 (1.36, 2.41)1 | |
| Hypertensive disease | I10-I13 | 1.38 (1.24, 1.54) | 1.68 (0.66, 4.24) | 1.29 (0.17, 9.74) | 1.39 (1.24, 1.55)1 |
| Ischemic heart disease | I20-I25 | 1.91 (1.76, 2.06) | 2.39 (1.67, 3.41) | 2.60 (1.41, 4.77) | 1.93 (1.79, 2.08)1 |
| Arrhythmia | I47-I49 | 1.51 (1.19, 1.91) | 0.42 (0.06, 3.11) | NE | 1.48 (1.17, 1.88)1 |
| Heart failure | I50 | 1.52 (1.33, 1.72) | 1.89 (0.94, 3.80) | 1.57 (0.37, 6.71) | 1.53 (1.35, 1.73)1 |
| Stroke | I60-I69 | 1.43 (1.36, 1.50) | 2.16 (1.66, 2.79) | 1.92 (1.19, 3.09) | 1.76 (1.27, 2.42)1 |
| Atherosclerosis | I70-I74 | 2.14 (1.66, 2.76) | 5.04 (2.50, 10.16) | 5.13 (1.64, 16.07) | 3.40 (1.71, 6.78)1 |
| Others | |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | E10-E14 | 1.50 (1.37, 1.64) | 2.18 (1.37, 3.48) | 2.49 (1.20, 5.18) | 1.79 (1.29, 2.48)1 |
| Mental disorders | F00-F09 | 1.31 (1.16, 1.48) | NE | NE | 1.31 (1.16, 1.48)2 |
| Sudden death | R96 | 1.55 (1.03, 2.33) | 2.59 (0.76, 8.86) | 2.60 (0.32, 20.90) | 1.66 (1.14, 2.43)1 |
| Aging | R54 | 1.45 (1.37, 1.53) | 1.92 (1.21, 3.07) | 1.79 (0.81, 3.96) | 1.45 (1.38, 1.54)1 |
| COPD | J44 | 3.24 (2.82, 3.73) | 7.76 (3.93, 15.30) | 11.15 (3.11, 39.93) | 5.66 (2.55, 12.56)1 |
| Tuberculosis | A15-A19 | 1.42 (1.11, 1.83) | NE | NE | 1.42 (1.11, 1.83)2 |
| Pneumonia | J09-J18 | 1.53 (1.39, 1.68) | 2.07 (1.33, 3.23) | 2.23 (1.01, 4.92) | 1.55 (1.42, 1.70)1 |
| Ulcer | K25-K27 | 2.50 (1.74, 3.59) | 4.35 (0.46, 41.36) | 17.00 (0.86, 336.48) | 2.60 (1.82, 3.71)1 |
| Liver cirrhosis | K74 | 1.31 (1.05, 1.64) | 2.64 (1.35, 5.17) | 2.15 (0.65, 7.13) | 1.74 (1.04, 2.91)1 |
| Accident | V01-V99 | 1.18 (0.98, 1.41) | 2.42 (1.91, 3.07) | 2.73 (1.87, 3.98) | 1.95 (1.11, 3.44)1 |
| Poisoning | X40-X49 | 2.17 (1.11, 4.23) | NE | NE | 2.17 (1.11, 4.23)2 |
| Unspecified cause | X58-X59 | 1.39 (1.10, 1.75) | NE | NE | 1.39 (1.10, 1.75)2 |
| Suicide | X60-X84 | 1.57 (1.31, 1.89) | NE | NE | 1.57 (1.30, 1.89)2 |
| Homicide | X85-Y09 | 2.34 (1.02, 5.37) | NE | NE | 2.34 (1.02, 5.37)2 |
| Injury, undetermined | Y10-Y34 | 1.11 (0.80, 1.50) | NE | NE | 1.11 (0.81, 1.52)2 |
Values are presented as relative risk (95% confidence interval).
ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition; NHIS-KCPS, National Health Insurance Service-Korean Cancer Prevention Study; KMSMS, Korean Metabolic Syndrome Mortality Study; KCPS-II, Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II; NE, not estimated due to small sample; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
1
Combined results via meta-analysis.
2
Results from National Health Insurance Service-Korean Cancer Prevention Study.