Figure 4.

Typical phage treatment course in patients with PJI included in the PHAGEinLYON Clinic programme. As adjuvant treatment to antibiotics, based on susceptibility testing, the patient received a first local injection of phages in the joint cavity during surgery (volume 30–50 mL) or after the surgery under sonography (5 mL), and then subsequent injections under sonography exclusively (5 mL), without using tubes. The number of injections and the time interval between each injection are depending on the clinical presentation. Daily intravenous injections of phages could be prescribed in non-surgical patients.