Table 1.

Various angles described to measure joint line obliquity.

Reference	Angle	Definition
Oh et al. (61)	JLOAT	Angle between a line tangent to tibial plateau and the horizontal line
Lee et al. (74)	JLOAM	Angle between the middle knee joint space line and the horizontal line
Akamatsu et al. (71)	JLOAF	Angle between a line tangent to distal femoral condyles and the horizontal line
Rosso et al. (36)	MPTA	Angle between a line tangent to proximal tibia and tibial mechanical axis
Rosso et al. (36)	MJLA	Angle between the Mikulicz line (weight-bearing line) and the bisector of the joint line congruency angle

JLOAT,joint line orientation angle by the tibial plateau; JLOAM, joint line orientation angle by the middle knee joint space; JLOAF, joint line orientation angle by the femoral condyles; MPTA, medial proximal tibial angle; MJLA, Mikulicz joint line angle.