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(A) Ultrasound-guided ESPB at L4 site; the patient is female (68 years old; weight, 75 kg; height, 155 cm). (B) Ultrasound image showing the trajectory of the needle in the L4 plane during the ESPB process (arrow). (C) The area within the yellow line indicates the deep diffusion of the local anesthetic into the erector spinal muscle. ESPB, erector spinae plane block; L4, lumbar 4.
