Table 1.

Updated taxonomy of validly published Actinomyces species in humans [5,7].

Former Actinomyces sp.	Current taxonomy
A. nasicola	Bowdeniella nasicola
A. europaeus	Gleimia europaea
A. hominis	Gleimia hominis
A. hongkongensis	Pauljensenia hongkongensis
A. cardiffensis	Schaalia cardiffensis
A. funkei	Schaalia funkei
A. georgiae	Schaalia georgiae
A. meyeri	Schaalia meyeri
A. odontolyticus	Schaalia odontolytica
A. radingae	Schaalia radingae
A. turicensis	Schaalia turicensis
A. neuii	Winkia neuii
subsp. neuii	subsp. neuii
subsp. anitratus	subsp. anitrata