Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (means with SD, or percent) of bladder cancer cases and subcohort members with complete diabetes and covariable data, Netherlands Cohort Study
| Characteristic | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subcohort | Bladder cancer cases | Subcohort | Bladder cancer cases | |||
| Invasive | Noninvasive | Invasive | Noninvasive | |||
| N | 2099 | 834 | 937 | 2168 | 186 | 151 |
| Age at baseline, mean (SD) (years) | 61.3 (4.2) | 62 (4.1) | 61.7 (4.1) | 61.4 (4.3) | 61.9 (4.2) | 61.6 (4.2) |
| Age at diagnosis cancer, mean (SD) (years) | 73.4 (6.2) | 73.2 (6.2) | 74.5 (6.8) | 73.7 (6.4) | ||
| BMI, mean (SD) (kg/m2) | 25 (2.6) | 25.0 (2.5) | 25.1 (2.6) | 25.1 (3.5) | 25.0 (3.8) | 25.0 (3.6) |
| Alcohol intake, mean (SD) (g/day) | 14.9 (16.8) | 17.9 (18.4) | 16.9 (17.1) | 5.7 (9.4) | 7.4 (12.1) | 6.4 (9.9) |
| Never smoker, n (%) | 208 (9.9) | 38 (4.6) | 51 (5.4) | 1290 (59.5) | 90 (48.4) | 73 (48.3) |
| Ever cigarette smokers only | ||||||
| Smoking frequency, mean (SD) (cigarettes/day) | 17.2 (10.6) | 18.5 (10.7) | 17.7 (10.4) | 11.6 (8.4) | 13.2 (8.6) | 13.9 (9) |
| Smoking duration, mean (SD) (years) | 33.7 (11.7) | 37.4 (10.7) | 35.8 (11.2) | 27.9 (12.4) | 31.8 (11.5) | 32.1 (12.4) |
| University or higher vocational education, n (%) | 396 (18.9) | 155 (18.6) | 183 (19.5) | 194 (8.9) | 13 (7) | 10 (6.6) |
| Family history of bladder cancer, n (%) | 15 (0.7) | 7 (0.8) | 8 (0.9) | 31 (1.4) | 3 (1.6) | 5 (3.3) |
| History of diabetes | ||||||
| Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), n (%) | 67 (3.2) | 32 (3.9) | 28 (3) | 76 (3.5) | 11 (5.9) | 0 (0) |
| Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), n (%) | 2 (0.1) | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) | 5 (0.2) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0) |
| Subjects with T2DM only | ||||||
| Age at diagnosis of T2DM, mean (SD) (years) | 54.4 (7.7) | 53.6 (9.2) | 52.9 (7.5) | 54.8 (7.4) | 60.2 (4.6) | N.A |
| Time since diagnosis T2DM, mean (SD) (years) | 8.8 (7) | 9.3 (8.8) | 8.4 (6.3) | 8.3 (6.3) | 3.6 (2.7) | N.A |
| T2DM antidiabetic medication | ||||||
| T2DM without antidiabetic medication, n (%) | 34 (51.5) | 15 (46.8) | 18 (66.7) | 39 (51.3) | 1 (9.0) | N.A |
| T2DM with blood glucose lowering drugs, | 28 (42.4) | 12 (37.5) | 7 (25.9) | 28 (36.8) | 10 (91.0) | N.A |
| excluding insulin, n (%) | ||||||
| T2DM with insulin and analogues, n (%) | 4 (6.0) | 5 (15.6) | 2 (7.4) | 9 (11.8) | 0 (0) | N.A. |