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. 2024 Feb 29;205(2):359–370. doi: 10.1007/s10549-024-07262-5

Table 1.

Definitions of phases and outcome domains

Phases Description
Pre-surgical Occurring before or in preparation for breast cancer surgery
Post-surgical Occurring after breast cancer surgery
Sub-clinical Lymphedema ISL Stage 0 (Latency), Surveillance of a person at risk of manifesting lymphedema
Acute lymphedema ISL Stage 1 (spontaneously reversible)
Chronic lymphedema ISL Stage 2 (spontaneously irreversible) and Stage 3 (elephantiasis)
Outcome domains Description
Joint function A joint's ability to move throughout the mechanical aspects of its motion, including its physiological and accessory motions
Flexibility The ability of soft tissues associated with a joint or series of joints to move through pain free and unrestricted shortening and lengthening
Strength The capacity of a muscle to produce force or withstand pressure
Volume The amount of space that organic substances (fluid, protein, fat, bone, muscle, etc.) occupies
Pain Physical suffering or discomfort caused by illness or injury
Sensation Perception of an object that comes into contact with the body
Tissue consistency Tissue/skin resistance against the penetration (pushing) of an instrument or finger. This term is defining pitting edema, fibrosis, and induration
Body composition Height, weight, BMI, and percentages of fat, bone and muscle in human bodies
Stages of lymphedema A classification system for the progression or regression of lymphedema
Patient-reported health-related quality of life A report that a patient fills out that characterizes a patient's awareness of the effects of an illness on their life, including the physical and psycho-social aspects
Patient-reported upper quadrant function A report that a patient fills out that characterizes a patient's awareness of the effects of an illness on the functional abilities of their upper quadrant
Patient-reported fatigue A report that a patient fills out that characterizes a patient's awareness of the effects of an illness on their mental and or physical tiredness
Mobility and balance Balance is the ability to control your body position while standing or moving. Mobility is the ability to stand up and walk in a range of environments
Upper extremity activity
and motor control The neuromuscular mechanisms to initiate, negotiate, and grade voluntary movement