Fig. 6. Efficacy of Au@Ag₂Se-FA on tumor-bearing mice raised in a non-sterile environment.

a Tumor growth rate, and (b) tumor weight in different groups after the various treatments (n = 5 mice per group), including (i) the untreated group (NS1), the groups treated (ii) by ceftriaxone alone (NS2), (iii) by lobaplatin alone (NS3), (iv) by the combination of ceftriaxone and lobaplatin (NS4), and (v) by Au@Ag₂Se-FA plus irradiation (NS5), where NS5 delivers a tumor inhibition rate of 100% at Day 16. c Flow cytometric analysis of the helper (CD3⁺, CD4⁺) and cytotoxic (CD3⁺, CD8⁺) T cells, M1-like (CD86⁺, CD11b⁺), and M2-like (CD206⁺, F4/80⁺) TAMs, and (d) quantifications of these cells in the TME after the various treatments (n = 5 mice per group), where NS5 delivers the strongest immune responses of T cells and TAMs. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (b, d) or two-tailed Student’s t-test (a). P < 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant.