Table 3.
Comparison of patient characteristics by change in eGFR category status after calculating eGFR using CKD-EPI 2021 equation
| Characteristics | Reclassified to a category with higher eGFR |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall study sample (N = 11,604) |
CKD patients in eGFR categories G4 and G5 based on CKD-Epi 2009 (eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2) |
|||||
| Yes | No | P-value | Yes | No | P-value | |
| Number of patients | 1955 | 9649 | -- | 1125 | 4637 | -- |
| Age at index date, yr | 74 [65, 81] | 73 [62, 81] | <0.0001 | 76 [69, 83] | 76 [66, 83] | 0.034 |
| Male | 1173 (60%) | 4885 (51%) | <0.0001 | 660 (59%) | 2470 (53%) | 0.001 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.203 | 0.048 | ||||
| Caucasian | 1170 (60%) | 5821 (60%) | 696 (62%) | 2890 (62%) | ||
| Oriental Asian | 130 (7%) | 770 (8%) | 78 (7%) | 423 (9%) | ||
| South/Southeast Asian | 213 (11%) | 964 (10%) | 128 (11%) | 505 (11%) | ||
| Indigenous | 41 (2%) | 233 (2%) | 20 (2%) | 111 (2%) | ||
| Others | 319 (16%) | 1461 (15%) | 172 (15%) | 597 (13%) | ||
| Unspecified | 82 (4%) | 400 (4%) | 31 (3%) | 111 (2%) | ||
| CKD vintage, yr | 2.9 [1.3, 5.9] | 3.0 [1.3, 6.1] | 0.212 | 3.1 [1.4, 6.1] | 3.3 [1.3, 6.3] | 0.354 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Diabetes | 861 (44%) | 4024 (42%) | 0.056 | 553 (49%) | 2250 (49%) | 0.703 |
| CVD-related comorbidities | 886 (45%) | 4217 (44%) | 0.189 | 585 (52%) | 2336 (50%) | 0.329 |
| Respiratory disease | 254 (13%) | 1263 (13%) | 0.908 | 159 (14%) | 654 (14%) | 0.980 |
| Cancer | 259 (13%) | 1379 (14%) | 0.227 | 172 (15%) | 767 (17%) | 0.308 |
| Serum creatinine on index date, mg/dl | 1.7 [1.4, 2.2] | 1.9 [1.4, 2.5] | <0.0001 | 2.1 [1.8, 2.6] | 2.6 [2.2, 3.2] | <0.0001 |
| Serum creatinine on index date, μmol/l | 150 [125, 192] | 168 [128, 225] | <0.0001 | 187 [156, 231] | 227 [195, 280] | <0.0001 |
| eGFR from CKD-EPI 2009 equation, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 30 [28, 44] | 31 [21, 39] | <0.0001 | 28 [27, 29] | 21 [17, 24] | <0.0001 |
| eGFR from CKD-EPI 2021 equation, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 32 [31, 47] | 33 [23, 42] | <0.0001 | 31 [30, 32] | 23 [19, 27] | <0.0001 |
| Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, mg/mmol | 10.8 [2.6, 63.0] | 16.6 [3.2, 73.9] | <0.0001 | 16.7 [3.7, 92.9] | 31.2 [6.6, 119.5] | <0.0001 |
| Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, mg/g | 95.1 [23.0, 557.5] | 146.5 [28.3, 654.0] | <0.0001 | 147.8 [32.7, 822.1] | 275.7 [58.4, 1057.5] | <0.0001 |
| Cause of CKD | <0.0001 | 0.041 | ||||
| Glomerulonephritis | 215 (11%) | 1426 (15%) | 103 (9%) | 515 (11%) | ||
| Diabetic nephropathy | 353 (18%) | 1850 (19%) | 242 (22%) | 1121 (24%) | ||
| Hypertensive nephropathy | 398 (20%) | 1923 (20%) | 258 (23%) | 968 (21%) | ||
| Polycystic Kidney Disease | 38 (2%) | 225 (2%) | 24 (2%) | 128 (3%) | ||
| Congenital nephrotic syndrome | 19 (1%) | 94 (1%) | 12 (1%) | 54 (1%) | ||
| Others | 932 (48%) | 4131 (43%) | 486 (43%) | 1851 (40%) | ||
| Baseline history of immunosuppressive medication use | 153 (8%) | 981 (10%) | 0.002 | 67 (6%) | 320 (7%) | 0.256 |
| Baseline history of RAASi medication use | 1050 (54%) | 5072 (53%) | 0.356 | 614 (55%) | 2481 (54%) | 0.517 |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; CKD-EPI, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; RAASi, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.