Table 1.
Analytical techniques applied to unlock the health-promoting potential and applicability of rosehip and their by-products.
| Extraction method | Source | Parameters | Bioactive compounds | Yields | Applications | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supercritical fluids extraction | Rosehip fruits and seeds | Pressure: 35 MPa; Temperature: 45 °C Time: 120 min; Supercritical CO2 mass flow rate of 0.42 kg/min |
Oleoresins; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Polyphenols; Phytosterols; Carotenoids |
1.85 % oleoresins; 15.6 g oil/100 g dw; 6.9 g GAE/100 g dw polyphenols |
Functional powders for food and pharmaceutical applications | [91] |
| Ultrasonic extraction | Rosehip fruits | Ultrasonic power: 300 W; Temperature: 60 °C Time: 30 min; |
Phenols; Flavonoids; Anthocyanins; Vitamin C; Vitamin E; Carotenoids |
48.57 to 89.07 TA mg/g dw polyphenols; 13.6 RE mg/g dw flavonoids; 23.75 μg/g dw anthocyanins; 15.09 mg/g dw vitamin C; 28.35 μg/g dw vitamin E; 0.37–0.66 mg/g dw carotenoids |
Natural source of antioxidants for the food and pharmaceutical industries | [92] |
| Maceration and ultrasonication | Wild and cultivated rosehip seed | 1 h ultrasonic bath; 68 h at room temperature for maceration |
Linoleic acid; α-linolenic acid; Oleic acid |
24.53–46.68 % linoleic acid; 4.73–12.39 % α-linolenic acid; 3.89–13.82 % oleic acid |
Production of functional foods | [93] |
| Ultrasonication | Pasteurized rosehip | Treatment times: 5, 10, 15 and 30 min | Ascorbic acid; Carotenoids; Phenolics |
108 mg/L nectar ascorbic acid; 2585 μg/mL gallic acid equiv.; 24.1 μg β-carotene equivalent/mL |
Production of rosehip nectar | [94]) |
| Chemical extraction | Rosehip fruits | 30 min of shaking; Centrifugation at 10.000g for 5 min |
β-carotene; Lycopene; α-tocopherol; Polyphenolic compounds; Triterpenoic acids |
373 mg/kg β-carotene; 176 mg/kg lycopene; 72 mg/kg to 226 mg/kg α-tocopherol; 72 mg/kg to 914 mg/kg phenolics; 36–772 mg/kg betulinic acid; 66–1723 mg/kg oleanolic acid; 37–2531 mg/kg ursolic acid |
Food and pharmaceutical industries | [24] |
| Chemical extraction | Dehydrated rosehip powder | Methanol-water 50:50, v/v; 10.000 rpm; 2 min at ultraturax |
Phenolic compounds; β-carotene; Lycopene |
51.1–31.5 mg GAE/g dw phenolic compounds; 6.7–4.4 mg CE/g dw; 122–24.1 mg/kg fw lycopene; 13–8.4 mg/kg fw β-carotene |
Enhanced the bioactive compounds retention during drying processes | [95] |
| Ultrasound-assisted extraction combined with deep eutectic solvents | Rosehip fruits | Temperature: 25 °C; Time: 25 min |
Phenolic compounds; | 8.13 mg GAE/g dw | Food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries | [96] |
TA-tannic acid; RE-rutin equivalents; GAE-gallic acid equivalents; CE-catechin equivalents; dw-dry weight; fw-fresh weight.