Table 4.

Post hoc contrasts for face-ism for the person queries. Effects of gender by query and search engine and of gender × query interaction by search engine on face-ism. Results averaged over the levels of region, browser, wave. Main effects are adjusted for interaction influence and multiple comparison (Tukey). Gender coded: 0 = women; 1 = men. Effect size is Cohen’s D. Bolded rows were found significant at the .05 level. Negative z-ratio indicates lower representation of women.

	Search engine	Estimate	Standard error	z-ratio	p-value	95% CI L	95% CI H	Effect size
Gender—Person	Baidu	−0.173	0.026	−6.616	<.001	−0.24	−0.106	0.888
	Bing	−0.027	0.012	−2.336	.09	−0.057	0.003	0.140
	Google	−0.064	0.014	−4.637	<.001	−0.099	−0.028	0.328
	Yandex	0.08	0.016	5.019	<.001	0.039	0.121	0.410
Gender—Intelligent person	Baidu	0.053	0.028	1.912	.223	−0.018	0.125	0.274
	Bing	−0.043	0.014	−3.17	.008	−0.078	−0.008	0.221
	Google	−0.202	0.019	−10.626	<.001	−0.251	−0.153	1.040
	Yandex	0.014	0.016	0.902	.804	−0.026	0.055	0.074
Gender × Query	Baidu	0.226	0.038	5.918	<.001	0.151	0.301	1.162
	Bing	−0.016	0.018	−0.889	.374	−0.051	0.019	0.082
	Google	−0.138	0.023	−5.894	<.001	−0.184	−0.092	0.712
	Yandex	−0.065	0.022	−2.918	.004	−0.109	−0.021	0.337