Fig. 3.

In vivo antibacterial capacity against S. aureus-induced abscesses. (a) Schematic diagram of the S. aureus infection and treatment process. (b&c)In vivo ultrasonic imaging (b) and quantitative analysis (c) of the S. aureus-infected mice after different treatments (I: control, II: Ti + AMF, III: Mg, and IV: Mg + AMF). The arrows point to the abscess sites. (d) Change in the pH of abscess tissues in mice after different treatments. (e)Ex vivo fluorescence images of abscess tissues after different treatments (I: control, II: Ti + AMF, III: Mg, and IV: Mg + AMF). (f) Representative photographs of the S. aureus-infected mice were taken on days 0, 4, 8, and 12 after different treatments (control, Ti + AMF, Mg, and Mg + AMF). (g) The variation curves of the abscess area in mice after different treatments. (h) Quantitative analysis of surviving bacteria collected from the S. aureus-infected tissues. (i) Representative images of S. aureus colonies formed on LB-agar plates from the skin tissues of S. aureus-infected sites on day 4 after different treatments (control, Ti + AMF, Mg, and Mg + AMF). (j) Microscopy images of H&E− and Giemsa-stained skin slices collected from mice on day 8 after various treatments. (k) Immunofluorescence staining images of CD86 and CD206-stained skin sections. (l–o) IL-4 (l), IL-10 (m), IL-6 (n), and TNF-α (o) levels in S. aureus-induced abscesses from various groups. n = 4 biologically independent animals. P values were calculated by the two-tailed student's t-test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001.