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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 20.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Chem Biol. 2022 Apr 28;18(5):470–481. doi: 10.1038/s41589-022-01017-3

Figure 2. Regulation of lipid metabolism by immunological signals.

Figure 2.

A summary of immunological signals for the regulation of lipid metabolism in T cells. a, Upon TCR engagement, T cells activates PI3K–Akt and mTOR signaling to induce FA synthesis and mevalonate metabolism. b, CD28 costimulation induces transient expression of CPT1a through thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and miR33 (before first cell division), and may enhance mevalonate and lipid synthesis by boosting TCR-dependent mTORC1 activation. c, The cytokines IL-15 and IL-7 induce FAO, in part by enhancing expression of CPT1a and mediating glycerol uptake via aquaporin-9, respectively, to maintain mitochondrial respiration.