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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 20.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2023 May 28;81:102614. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102614

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Incomplete homogenization results in anisotropic expansion of NPCs (data from our lab). All panels are LR-ExM of nuclear pore complexes (green in a and b, magenta in c and d) labeled with anti-NUP62 and anti-NUP153 antibodies taken with an Airyscan microscope. Complete homogenization using proteinase K digestion results in well-expanded NPCs (a), where the central channel and nuclear basket of each NPC are distinguishable in the magnified view (b) of the white block in panel (a). Incomplete homogenization using heat denaturation results in less expanded NPCs (c), where the central channel and nuclear basket are indistinguishable in the magnified view (d) of the white block in panel (c). The blue channel in (a and b) is DNA stained with DAPI. And the blue channel in (c and d) is whole protein staining with NHS ester dyes. Scale bars: 1 μm (a and c), 100 nm (b and d).