Figure 4.

HRs for health outcomes in patients living with chronic conditions at baseline for high versus low CRF and delayed versus not delayed HRR. Estimates from Morris (2014) were reported as RR, the remaining estimates were reported as HR. Yang (2023), Fuentes-Abolafio (2020), Morris (2014), Rocha (2022) and Lachman (2018) reported estimates as low versus high which were inverted for this study. Cantone (2023) was reported per 1-unit VO₂ increase which we converted to 1-MET increase for this study. Adverse events for Lachman (2018) were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and hospitalisations for congestive heart failure. CRF, cardiorespiratory fitness; CVD, cardiovascular disease; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations; HRR, heart rate recovery; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; NA, not applicable; NR, not reported; RR, relative risk.