. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 20.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Sep 5;82(10):1039–1050. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.06.029

TABLE 2.

Review of studies investigating effect of AF burden on mortality

First Author, year	N	Data Source	AF Burden Definition	Outcome
Disertori,¹¹ 2013	1234	GISSI study	Clinical classification of AF	No difference in mortality with persistent vs. paroxysmal AF (HR 0.52, CI 0.13-2.03, p = 0.35)
Steinberg,¹² 2015	14264	ROCKET-AF study	Clinical classification of AF	Increased all-cause mortality with persistent vs. paroxysmal AF (HR 1.27, CI 1.06-1.49, p = 0.006)
Link,¹³ 2017	21105	ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 study	Clinical classification of AF	Increased all-cause mortality with persistent vs. paroxysmal AF (HR 1.37, CI 1.20-1.56, p < 0.001), and permanent vs. paroxysmal AF (HR 1.28, CI 1.15-1.45, p < 0.001)
Lip,¹⁵ 2008	7329	SPORTIF III and V studies	Clinical classification of AF	No difference in mortality with paroxysmal vs. persistent AF (HR 1.24, CI 0.87-1.76, p = 0.24)
Chew,¹⁸ 2022	39710	CIED data from Merlin.net remote monitoring database	Daily percent time in AF	Increased all-cause mortality with each 10% increase in daily AF burden (HR 1.061 per 10% increase, CI 1.045-1.076, p < 0.001)
Park,²⁴ 2021	496	Single center remote monitoring data	Total time spent in AF during follow up interval	Increased odds of composite outcome (progression to clinical AF, ischemic stroke, MI, HF-related hospitalization, or cardiac death) with high-burden SCAF (≥24 hours in 6 months) (OR 20.1, CI 7.6-52.7, p < 0.001)
Piccini,²⁵ 2019	3131	CIED data from Merlin.net remote monitoring database	Time in AF in one week	Increased odds of death with increase in weekly AF burden > 6h (OR 2.30, CI 2.09-2.53, p < 0.001)

AF = atrial fibrillation, CIED = cardiac implantable electronic device, HF = heart failure, MI = myocardial infarction, SCAF = subclinical atrial fibrillation, TE = thromboembolism