Table 1.

Base case clinical and costing inputs

Variable	Input	Range	Distribution	Reference
Clinical Inputs
All-cause death at 1 year		n/a	Weibull	TRUST3
IPE Strategy
Hospitalization / ED Visits, per patient year	0.13	0.10 – 0.16	Beta	TRUST3
Clinic Visits, per patient year	4.00	3.00 – 5.00	Beta	TRUST3
RPM-Conventional Strategy
Hospitalization / ED Visits, per patient year	0.11	0.08 – 0.14	Beta	TRUST3
Clinic Visits, per patient year	2.50	1.88 – 3.13	Beta	TRUST4
Median Number of Alerts per patient	1.00	0 – 3.00	Triangle	TRUST4
RPM-Alert Strategy
Hospitalization / ED Visits, per patient year	0.11	0.08 – 0.14	Beta	TRUST3
Clinic Visits, per patient year	0.80	0.40 – 1.20	Beta	TRUST4
Median Number of Alerts per patient	1.00	0 – 3.00	Triangle	TRUST4
Proportion of Hospitalization (versus ED)	0.82		Beta	10
Lead / Generator Revision, per patient year	0.02	0.01 – 0.06	Beta	TRUST4
Utilities
Alive with ICD	0.85	SD ± 0.3	Beta	33
Disutility HF Hospitalization	−0.0066	−0.0135 to 0	Beta	34
Costs (2021 USD)
Remote Monitoring Equipment*	2,000	±50%	Gamma	Assumption
Cost per Hospitalization	17,389	13,042 – 21,736	Gamma	15
Cost per ED Visit	1,726	1,413 – 2,038	Gamma	14
Annual Outpatient Costs of HF	3,964	3,057 – 5,091	Gamma	35
Clinic Cost, per visit	164	±50%	Gamma	13
Remote monitoring cost, per assessment	64	±50%	Gamma	13
Lead / Generator Revision Cost	35,534	23,955 – 51,038	Gamma	20, 36
Annual discount rate	0.03	n/a	n/a	19

^*Cost of remote monitoring equipment added for sensitivity analysis.

Abbreviations: ED – emergency department; HF – heart failure; ICD – implantable cardioverter defibrillator; IPE – in-person evaluation; RPM – remote patient management.