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Resonance structures of the 2,2′-(6,12-bis((4-(dicyanomethyl)phenyl)ethynyl)-5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole-3,9-diyl)dimalononitrile LS. On the left, S is quinoidal and L diradical; this resonance structure is referred to as LDSQ. In the middle, both S and L are diradical, thus referred as LDSD. On the right, S is diradical and L is quinoidal, thus referred as LQSD.
