. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 20.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Nov 30;83(1):109–279. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.08.017

TABLE 20.

Clinical Presentations and Objectives of Heart Rate Control

Presentation	Objective
Symptomatic AF	To reduce symptoms
Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy	To improve heart function or reduce the risk of recurrent cardiomyopathy¹⁹
ICD use	To reduce risk of inappropriate shock²⁰
Cardiac resynchronization therapy use	To enhance biventricular pacing, likelihood of myocardial recovery, and/or preservation of function²¹
Tachycardia-bradycardia form of sick sinus syndrome among those with a pacemaker	To reduce the risk of hospitalization²²

AF indicates atrial fibrillation; and ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.