Fig. 7.

Biased ligands prolong the Y₁R-Gα_o interaction. Kinetic BRET between Y₁-RLuc8 and Gα_o-Venus at saturating F/L ratio (F/L > 0.2) is shown in response to the different ligands. The BRET signal prior to stimulation was recorded for 2 min, and the baseline was set to 0. Insets (right panel) show the first 5 min after ligand addition ( +). While the BRET decreases by ~ 0.15 for NPY (a) and F⁷,P³⁴-NPY (b) over 1000 s, this is significantly reduced for the G protein-biased agonists G³⁴-NPY (c) and K¹⁸-PEG_20K-F⁷,P³⁴-NPY (d). Shown are buffer-corrected representative examples of n = 3 independent experiments conducted in technical quadruplicate