Fig. 2.

Glial cells in healthy and brain disease. Under the different environmental stimuli, astrocytes and microglia can change its activity/function. In the resting state, it is thought that microglia and astrocytes exhibit a characteristic phenotype, M2 and A2 (respectively) which is related to phenomes linked with neuroprotection. Though, under pro-inflammatory environmental this state alters shifting to an activated status: M1 and A1. Being this status associated with neurodegeneration