Fig. 1.

Glutamate evokes a dose-dependent increase in [Ca²⁺]_i in hCMEC/D3 cells. a Glutamate caused a dose-dependent increase in [Ca²⁺]_i which achieved its peak at 100 M. b Mean ± SE of the percentage of hCMEC/D3 cells displaying glutamate-induced Ca²⁺ responses at different agonist concentrations (from 50 to 300 µM). The asterisk indicates p < 0.05. c Mean ± SE of the amplitude of glutamate-induced Ca²⁺ responses measured in hCMEC/D3 cell at different agonist concentrations (from 50 to 300 µM). The asterisk indicates that p < 0.05. d Glutamate (100 µM) failed to induce an additional increase in [Ca²⁺]_i upon 15 min washout which is indicative of receptor desensitization