Fig. 9.

Schematic representation of glutamate-induced Ca²⁺ and NO signals in hCMEC/D3 cells. The neurotransmitter glutamate binds to mGluR1 and mGluR5 to elicit an increase in [Ca²⁺]_i in hCMEC/D3 cells. The Ca²⁺ response to glutamate is patterned by InsP₃R3, TPC1-2, and SOCE, and results in eNOS recruitment and NO release. NO, in turn, is predicted to regulate neurovascular coupling (NVC) within brain microcirculation