Table 2.
HIF-1α regulates miRNAs in human cancers
| miRNAs | Cancer or cell types | Validation ways | Functions | miRNA targets | Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upregulated miRNAs | |||||
| miR-210 | Schwannoma | qRT-PCR | Inhibits apoptosis and autophagy; promotes angiogenesis and proliferation | EFNA3 | Wang et al. [75] |
| Ovarian cancer | – | Promotes invasion and metastasis | VMP1 | Liu et al. [76] | |
| Ovarian cancer | qRT-PCR | Promotes proliferation; inhibits apoptosis | PTPN1 | Li et al. [77] | |
| Gastrointestinal cancer | ChIP assay | Promotes migration | SPRED2 | Chen et al. [78] | |
| OPSCC | qRT-PCR | Influences metabolic reprogramming | ISCU | Saenz-de-Santa-Maria et al. [79] | |
| Paragangliomas | qRT-PCR | Influences metabolic reprogramming | – | Merlo et al. [80] | |
| CCRCC | qRT-PCR | Induces G2/M accumulation; Induces aneuploidy and multipolar spindle formation | E2F3 | Nakada et al. [81] | |
| HCC | Luciferase assay | Promotes invasion and migration | HIF-3α | Kai et al. [82] | |
| Colon cancer | qRT-PCR and Western blot | Enhances autophagy; reduces radiosensitivity | Bcl-2 | Sun et al. [83] | |
| Gastric cancer | qRT-PCR | Promotes EMT | HOXA9 | Yu et al. [84] | |
| Pancreatic cancer | qRT-PCR | – | E2F3; EFNA3; GIT2; MNT; ZNF462; EGR3 | Chen et al. [85] | |
| ESCC | qRT-PCR | Inhibits proliferation; induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest | PLK1 | Li et al. [86] | |
| miR-21 | Cervical cancer | qRT-PCR and Western blot | Increases radioresistance | PTEN | Song et al. [87] |
| OSCC | ChIP assay | Promotes cell growth, migration and invasion | PTEN; Pdcd4; E-cadherin; Vimentin | Li et al. [88] | |
| Pancreatic cancer | ChIP assay | Increases proliferation; overrides cell cycle arrest; Enhances cell survival | – | Mace et al. [89] | |
| miR-191 | Lung cancer | qRT-PCR | Promotes proliferation and migration | NFIA | Zhao et al. [90] |
| miR-224 | Gastric cancer | Luciferase and ChIP assays | Promotes cell growth, migration and invasion | RASSF8 | He et al. [91] |
| miR-421 | Gastric cancer | Luciferase assay | Promotes metastasis; inhibits apoptosis; induces drug resistance | E-cadherin; Caspase-3 | Ge et al. [92] |
| miR-27a | Gastric cancer | ChIP and luciferase assays | Induces multidrug resistance | MDR1/P-gp; LRP; Bcl-2 | Zhao et al. [93] |
| miR-107 | Gastric cancer | qRT-PCR | – | – | Ayremlou et al. [94] |
| miR-382 | Gastric cancer | Luciferase assay | Promotes angiogenesis | PTEN | Seok et al. [95] |
| miR-183 | HCC | qRT-PCR and Western blot | Induces multidrug resistance | IDH2; SOCS6 | Wang et al. [96] |
| miR-494 | Lung cancer | ChIP assay | Promotes angiogenesis | PTEN; Akt/eNOS pathway | Mao et al. [97] |
| miR-145 | Bladder cancer | ChIP assay | Induces apoptosis | – | Blick et al. [98] |
| miR-184 | Glioma | qRT-PCR and Western blot | Suppresses apoptosis; facilitates invasion and migration. | FIH-1 | Yuan et al. [99] |
| miR-485-5p; miR-210-3p | STS | RT-PCR and microarrays | – | HIF-3α | Gits et al. [100] |
| miR-675-5p | Glioma | qRT-PCR and Western blot | Promotes angiogenesis | HuR/VHL? | Lo Dico et al. [107] |
| Downregulated miRNAs | |||||
| miR-199a-5p | HCC | qRT-PCR | Inhibits Warburg effect and cell growth | HIF-1α | Li et al. [29]. |
| miR-548an | Pancreatic cancer | ChIP assay | Inhibits proliferation and invasion | Vimentin | Zhu et al. [101] |
| miR-17; miR-20a | AML | qRT-PCR and Western blot | Inhibits cell differentiation; promotes proliferation | p21;STAT3 | He et al. [102] |
| miR-33a | HCC | Western blot | Inhibits invasion and migration | Twist1 | Guo et al. [103] |
| miR-101 | Pancreatic cancer | qRT-PCR and Western blot | Inhibits invasion and migration | EZH2 | Cao et al. [104] |
| miR-34a | Colorectal cancer | ChIP assay | Inhibits the EMT and metastasis | PPP1R11 | Li et al. [105] |
CCRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; OPSCC, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma; STS, soft tissue sarcomas; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell; NFIA, nuclear factor 1α; EFNA3, Ephrin A3; ISCU; Iron–sulfur cluster assembly enzyme; HIF-1α, hypoxia inducible factor-1α; RASSF8, Ras association domain family member 8; IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP (+)) 2, mitochondrial; SOCS6, suppressor of cytokine signaling 6; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; Pdcd4, programmed cell death 4; HIF-3α, hypoxia inducible factor-3α; Twist1, twist family bHLH transcription factor 1; MDR1/P-gp, MDR1: multi-drug resistance gene1/P-glycoprotein; LRP, leucine-responsive global transcriptional regulator; Bcl-2, B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2; HOXA9, homeobox A9; SPRED2, sprouty related EVH1 domain containing 2; FIH-1, factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha; VMP1, vacuole membrane protein 1; PTPN1, protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1; PPP1R11, protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 11; VHL, von Hippel-Lindau; E2F3, E2F transcription factor 3; GIT2, GIT ArfGAP 2; MNT, MAX network transcriptional repressor; ZNF462, zinc finger protein 462; EGR3, early growth response 3; PLK1, polo like kinase 1; EZH2, enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit; EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition; ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation; qRT-PCR, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction