Table 1.
The establishment and characteristics of haploid cell lines
| Cell line type | Species | Year | Pluripotency | Genomic ploidy | Semi-cloned animal production | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Androgenetic haploid ESCs | Frog | 1970 | ND | Stable | ND | [16] |
| Parthenogenetic haploid ESCs | Drosophila melanogaster | 1978 | ND | Stable | ND | [17] |
| Near-haploid tumor cells (KBM7) | Human | 1999 | No | Unstable | No | [19] |
| Parthenogenetic haploid ESCs | Medaka fish | 2009 | Yes | Stable | Yes | [29] |
| Parthenogenetic haploid ESCs | Mouse | 2011,2013,2016 | Yes | Self-diploidization | Yes | [15, 20–22] |
| Androgenetic haploid ESCs | Mouse | 2012 | Yes | Self-diploidization | Yes | [13, 14] |
| Androgenetic haploid ESCs | Macaca fascicularis monkey | 2013 | Yes | Self-diploidization | ND | [25] |
| Androgenetic haploid ESCs | Rat | 2014 | Yes | Self-diploidization | Yes | [23] |
| Parthenogenetic haploid ESCs | Rat | 2017 | Yes | Self-diploidization | ND | [24] |
| Parthenogenetic haploid ESCs | Human | 2016 | Yes | Self-diploidization | ND | [26, 27] |
| Allodiploid ESCs | Mouse and Rat | 2016 | Yes | ND | ND | [28] |
ND not determined