Table 4.
Comparison of CO2 and CH4 fluxes reported across tropical peatlands (average ± standard error).
| Land cover | Average groundwater level (cm) | CO2 Flux (MgCO2 ha−1 yr−1 | CH4 Flux (MgCO2e ha−1 yr−1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| This study | |||
| Undrained undegraded peat swamp forest (PPSF) | 19.01 | 12.61 ± 0.41 | 0.70 ± 0.04 |
| Undrained secondary peat swamp forest with historical logging (SPSF) | 37.34 | 9.43 ± 0.27 | 0.46 ± 0.02 |
| IPCC default emission factor22 | |||
| Undrained peat swamp forest22 | N/A | 0.00 | 1.10 |
| Drained peat swamp forest22 | N/A | 19.45 | 0.13 |
| Drained oil palm plantation22 | N/A | 40.37 | 0.00 |
| Drained acacia plantation22 | N/A | 73.40 | 0.07 |
| Synthesis of Southeast Asian Peatlands36 | |||
| Undrained undegraded peat swamp forest36 | − 31.3 ± 4.5 | 38.1 ± 6.6 | 0.80 ± 0.49 |
| Undrained degraded peat swamp forest36 | − 14.8 ± 3.9 | 55.3 ± 7.3 | 1.18 ± 0.28 |
| Other studies | |||
| Undrained peat swamp forest with historical logging18 | − 20.00 | 38.92 ± 3.04 | 0.18 ± 0.08 |
| Undrained peat swamp forest19 | N/A | 23.46 ± 0.45 | 0.38 ± 0.11 |
| N/A | 26.34 ± 0.91 | 0.46 ± 0.12 | |
| N/A | 27.97 ± 0.97 | 0.47 ± 0.13 | |
| Undrained peat swamp forest20 | 1.00 | 33.29 ± 7.12 | 1.61 ± 0.45 |
| − 1.00 | 37.87 ± 8.61 | 1.49 ± 0.91 | |
| Undrained peat swamp forest21 | − 12.60 | 43.63 ± 1.83 | 0.70 ± 0.06 |
| − 7.30 | 42.21 ± 1.80 | 1.67 ± 0.11 | |
| − 3.90 | 46.68 ± 1.86 | 2.97 ± 0.22 | |
| Drained peat swamp forest17 | − 10.00 | 44.04 ± 9.11 | 0.43 ± 0.14 |
| Drained peat swamp forest with historical logging19 | N/A | 37.19 ± 3.83 | 0.30 ± 0.07 |
| N/A | 30.21 ± 3.56 | 0.34 ± 0.08 | |
The negative groundwater level indicates that the value was below the peat surface.