Figure 2.

Network plot of RCTs included in this review, comparing the identified interventions (“AI self-guided eCBT”: AI agent delivering eCBT with no therapist guidance; “AI guided eCBT”: AI agent delivering eCBT with asynchronous therapist guidance; “Remote CBT”: Standard CBT delivered over the phone; “AI self-guided ACT”: AI agent delivered ACT with no therapist guidance; “Combined”: Remote CBT and AI self-guided eCBT; “AI chatbot”: AI agent providing general conversational responses not associated with CBT or therapy; “Psychoeducation”; and “No intervention”). Circle sizes represent the aggregated sample size relative to each intervention, and the thickness of the lines represents the number of studies comparing the respective interventions. (A) Main effects of all the included RCTs (n=6), (B) Depression scores in RCTs specific to the study of interventions for depression symptoms (n=4), (C) Anxiety scores in RCTs specific to the study of interventions for anxiety symptoms (n=4), (D) RCTs reporting participant dropouts (n=6).