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. 2024 May 21;2024(5):CD014300. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014300.pub2

Yankey 2019.

Study characteristics
Methods Study design: RCT
Study grouping: parallel group
Study duration: not reported
Participants Inclusion criteria: students having low coping strategies, self‐confidence, and emotional intelligence
Exclusion criteria: students showing normal or high coping strategies, self‐confidence, and emotional intelligence
Age range: 13–17 years
Gender: boys and girls
Intervention sample: 150
Control sample: 150
Main type of traumatic event: displacement
Phase of humanitarian crisis: during the acute crisis (mortality was still higher than it was before the crisis)
Type of humanitarian crisis: extreme poverty
Interventions Intervention name: Life Skills Training
Delivered by: unclear
Format of therapy: face to face
Number of sessions (total): 30
Type of control: school as usual
Type of intervention context: school
Type of promotion intervention: group level
Description of the intervention: techniques of brainstorming, role‐playing, and group discussion were employed to train them on life skills. Life skills assessment scales were administered after each intervention session to assess how effective the Life Skills Training has been for the participants. The intervention was completed in 30 basic sessions, and additional 15 sessions were given for those students who were not able to acquire life skills in a single session.
Outcomes Coping
  • Outcome type: continuous outcome

  • Reporting: fully reported

  • Scale: Coping Across Situation Questionnaire (CASQ)

  • Direction: higher is better

  • Data value: endpoint

Notes Sponsorship source: unknown
Country: India
Setting: Tibetan Children's Village school located in Himachal Pradesh, India
Author's name: Tsering Yankey
Institution: The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
Email: tseringyankey10@gmail.com
Address: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk Quote: "students were further randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, consisting of 150 students in each group."
No further information reported on the method of random sequence generation, but the balance of participant level characteristics suggests that the randomisation procedures were successful.
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk No information provided.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes High risk Open‐label trial.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes Unclear risk No information provided.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes Unclear risk No information provided.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk All measures described in the methods section of the article were reported in the results. No trial protocol/registration number available.
Therapist qualification Unclear risk No information provided.
Therapist/investigator allegiance Unclear risk No information provided.
Intervention fidelity Unclear risk No information provided.
Other bias Low risk No other sources of bias detected.

AYPA: African Youth Psychosocial Assessment; CBT: cognitive behavioural therapy; CSI: Caregiver Support Intervention; CYRM: Child and Youth Resilience Measure; DEO: district education officer; ESPS: ERSAE‐Stress‐Prosocial; FI: functional impairment; FRIENDS: is an acronym for the skills taught throughout the programme (F: feelings; R: remember to relax, have quiet time; I: I can do it! I can try (inner helpful thoughts); E: explore solutions and coping step plans; N: now reward yourself! You've done your best!; D: don't forget to practice; and S: smile! Stay calm, stay strong and talk to your support networks!); Kid‐KINDL: Kinder Lebensqualität fragebogen; KIDSCREEN: SCREENing for and Promotion of Health Related Quality of Life in Children an Adolescents; n: number; PF: programme facilitator; RCT: randomised controlled trial; SD: standard deviation; SDQ: Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire; WLC: waiting‐list control.