Table 3.

Multivariable Cox regression analyses of factors associated with cardiovascular events in MASLD patients

	Panel A	Panel B	Panel C	Panel D	Panel E
	aHR (95% CI)	aHR (95% CI)	aHR (95% CI)	aHR (95% CI)	aHR (95% CI)
Age	1.04 (1.01–1.07)*	1.04 (1.01–1.07)**	1.04 (1.01–1.07)**	1.04 (1.01–1.07)**	1.04 (1.01–1.07)**
Female sex	0.41 (0.21–0.80)**	0.39 (0.20–0.76)**	0.39 (0.20–0.76)**	0.46 (0.23–0.90)*	0.46 (0.23–0.92)*
Obesity	1.42 (0.78–2.57)	1.32 (0.74–2.38)	1.51 (0.85–2.66)	1.56 (0.88–2.76)	1.57 (0.89–2.77)
Diabetes	1.09 (0.60–2.01)	1.29 (0.73–2.28)	1.28 (0.73–2.25)	1.09 (0.61–1.94)	1.23 (0.70–2.18)
Hypertension	1.08 (0.53–2.18)	1.33 (0.51–2.08)	1.00 (0.49–2.02)	0.97 (0.47–1.98)	1.00 (0.49–2.03)
Previous CVEs	3.00 (1.52-5,92)**	3.12 (1.58–6.14)***	2.81 (1.43–5.56)**	3.05 (1.54–6.05)***	2.94 (1.49–5.80)**
Low Fib-4	1.11 (0.57–2.16)	1.17 (0.60–2.28)	1.03 (0.53–1.98)	1.12 (0.58–2.17)	1.10 (0.57–2.13)
HOMA-IR ≥ 3.82	1.73 (0.93–3.21)	–	–	–	–
LAP ≥ 72.94	–	2.33 (1.28–4.25)**	–	–	–
VAI ≥ 1.41	–	–	4.01 (1.43–11.24)**	–	–
TyG Index ≥ 4.85	–	–	–	2.44 (1.35–4.41)**	–
TG/HDL-C ≥ 2.54	–	–	–	–	2.85 (1.37–5.92)***

All the multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, previous CVEs, and Low Fib-4. Panel A shows model including HOMA-IR ≥ 3.82, Panel B shows model including LAP ≥ 72.94, Panel C shows model including VAI ≥ 1.41, Panel D shows model including TyG Index ≥ 4.85, and Panel E shows model including TG/HDL-C ≥ 2.54

aHR Adjusted hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, CVEs Cardiovascular events, HDL-C High-Density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, LAP Lipid accumulation product, VAI Visceral adiposity index, TyG Index Triglyceride-glucose index, TG/HDL-C Triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol ratio

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p = 0.001