Table 2.

Final pharmacokinetic parameter estimates

Pharmacokinetic parameter	Population estimatea (%RSEb)	95% CIb	IIVa (%CVb)	95% CIb
Primaquine
F	1 fixed	–	52.9% (15.4%)	39.7%–74.6%
MTT (h)	0.563 (18.7%)	0.329–0.754	63.3% (23.5%)	36.8%–100%
CL/F (L/h)	15.4 (9.57%)	13.1–18.7	12% (12.4%)	7.99%–14.3%
VC/F (L)	163 (10.3%)	134–201	–	–
CF (%)	32.9 (6.89%)	28.7–37.5	–	–
σVP	0.173 (9.37%)	0.125–0.245	–	–
σCP	0.226 (9.33%)	0.157–0.320	–	–
Carboxy-primaquine
MTT (h)	1.24 (11.7%)	0.962–0.746	65.3% (13.2%)	50.6%–89.2%
CL/F (L/h)	0.129 (28.5%)	0.0765–0.216	–	–
VC/F (L)	93.3 (7.00%)	81.8–108	37.4% (15.7%)	29.5%–52.9%
CF (%)	69.1 (3.83%)	0.643–0.746	–	–
σVP	0.0328 (8.96%)	0.0238–0.0474	–	–
σCP	0.101 (8.84%)	0.0763–0.146	–	–
Primaquine carbamoyl-glucuronide
F	1 fixed	–	63.5% (12.1%)	48.7%–81.9%
MTT (h)	1.13 (8.84%)	0.929–1.33	34.4% (25.1%)	24.2%–58.5%
CL/F (L/h)	2.83 (15.8%)	2.06–3.81	57.8% (12.1%)	42.8%–75.1%
VC/F (L)	55.4 (12.4%)	44.1–72.2	–	–
CF (%)	40.1 (6.97%)	0.353–0.465	–	–
σVP	0.108 (12.3%)	0.0736–0.175	–	–
σCP	0.242 (8.00%)	0.178–0.323	–	–

CF is the proportional conversion factor between capillary and venous drug measurements, CL/F is the apparent elimination clearance, F is the relative bioavailability, MTT is the absorption mean transit time, V_C/F is the apparent volume of distribution of the central compartment, σ_CP is the variance of an exponential residual error of the capillary samples, and σ_VP is the variance of an exponential residual error of the venous samples

^aComputed population mean parameter estimates from NONMEM were calculated for a typical individual at a body weight of 62.5 kg. The coefficient of variation (%CV) of the inter-individual variability (IIV) was calculated as $100\times \sqrt{\text{exp}\left({\omega }^2\right)-1}$

^bComputed from the sampling important resampling (SIR) procedure [19, 20] of the final pharmacokinetic models