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. 2024 May 21;24:303. doi: 10.1186/s12905-024-03104-0

Table 2.

Health outcomes by presence of nausea or vomiting

All Presence of nausea Presence of vomiting Presence of nausea/vomiting
Total Yes No p-value Yes No p-value Yes No p-value
All population
N 385 94 291 - 27 358 - 96 289 -
EQ-5D-5L
Utility score 0.79 (0.16) 0.67 (0.16) 0.83 (0.14) <0.001 0.61 (0.16) 0.81 (0.15) <0.001 0.67 (0.16) 0.84 (0.14) <0.001
EQ-5D VAS
VAS score 59.9 (24.4) 43.6 (21.7) 65.1 (22.9) <0.001 38.1 (22.9) 61.5 (23.7) <0.001 43.5 (21.7) 65.3 (22.8) <0.001
WPAI
OWI 37.6% (30.3%) 53.0% (26.6%) 32.6% (29.8%) <0.001 62.4% (22.2%) 35.2% (30.0%) <0.001 53.5% (26.4%) 32.2% (29.8%) <0.001
Absenteeism 6.4% (15.9%) 9.8% (15.7%) 5.3% (15.8%) 0.050 10.2% (15.9%) 6.0% (15.9%) 0.230 9.5% (15.5%) 5.3% (15.9%) 0.067
Presenteeism 35.6% (29.2%) 49.5% (25.0%) 31.0% (29.0%) <0.001 59.1% (22.1%) 33.3% (28.8%) <0.001 50.2% (24.9%) 30.6% (28.9%) <0.001
AI 41.0% (29.5%) 54.0% (25.2%) 36.8% (29.7%) <0.001 60.7% (23.7%) 39.5% (29.4%) <0.001 54.3% (25.0%) 36.6% (29.7%) <0.001
Patients with anemia
N 321 88 233 - 25 296 - 90 231 -
EQ-5D-5L
Utility score 0.77 (0.16) 0.67 (0.16) 0.81 (0.14) <0.001 0.61 (0.16) 0.78 (0.15) <0.001 0.66 (0.16) 0.81 (0.14) <0.001
WPAI
OWI 39.6% (30.0%) 53.9% (26.4%) 34.1% (29.6%) <0.001 62.3% (22.7%) 37.1% (29.7%) <0.001 54.4% (26.1%) 33.6% (29.5%) <0.001
Absenteeism 6.9% (16.6%) 9.9% (16.0%) 5.8% (16.7%) 0.100 10.0% (16.2%) 6.6% (16.6%) 0.360 9.6% (15.8%) 5.9% (16.8%) 0.130
Presenteeism 37.3% (28.9%) 50.5% (24.8%) 32.2% (28.8%) <0.001 59.1% (22.7%) 34.9% (28.5%) <0.001 51.1% (24.6%) 31.7% (28.7%) <0.001
AI 44.1% (28.9%) 55.3% (25.2%) 39.9% (29.2%) <0.001 61.6% (24.4%) 42.7% (28.8%) 0.002 55.6% (25.0%) 39.7% (29.2%) <0.001

The numbers in the table represent mean (SD). P-values represent the p-value resulting from the t-test

EQ-5D-5L 5-level EQ-5D version, WPAI Work Productivity and Activity Impairment, OWI Overall Work Impairment, AI Activity Impairment, SD Standard deviation