Table 1.

Group Comparison of CMDQ Discomfort Score Differences (T1-T2)

Body Regions	Yoga Group Difference (T1-T2)		Control Group Difference (T1 -T2)		p value
	M	±SD	M	±SD
Right eye	2.41	6.47	−4.03	15.50	.002*
Left eye	4.12	11.78	−2.24	12.77	.01*
Head	0.58	8.83	−1.09	9.46	.20
Neck	11.47	27.02	0.18	10.24	.002*
Right shoulder	4.58	17.24	−.74	9.48	.22
Left shoulder	1.07	5.57	−.43	5.72	.30
Upper back	6.21	15.41	0.68	5.73	.03*
Lower back	5.42	16.75	0.01	13.79	.05*
Right arm	1.93	13.33	−1.89	6.78	.04*
Left arm	0.02	3.41	−1.83	6.58	.30
Right elbow	1.13	6.26	−.70	4.18	.54
Left elbow	0.50	6.13	−1.25	3.43	.43
Right forearm	2.42	13.78	−1.76	7.05	.14
Left forearm	−.13	2.28	−1.09	4.71	.49
Right wrist	3.51	12.38	−.56	8.40	.01*
Left wrist	0.66	6.66	−.75	2.95	.43
Hips/buttocks	5.11	19.62	−.60	8.29	.02*
Right thigh	0.83	13.10	−2.00	7.34	.01*
Left thigh	0.46	11.26	−1.95	7.34	.01*
Right knee	2.30	9.47	−1.08	5.80	.16
Left knee	1.07	4.60	−2.23	6.74	.10
Right calf	−.59	2.89	−.70	2.47	.72
Left calf	−.53	2.86	−.74	2.47	.54
Right ankle/foot	1.78	11.33	1.15	12.97	.08
Left ankle/foot	−.47	2.28	−1.64	7.47	.36

Note. Mean (M) ± standard deviation (SD) of pre (T1) and post (T2) measurement differences are compared between yoga and control groups. Bold font and * indicate significant values, α = .05. CMDQ = Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire.