Enzymatic routes of Golgi-based synthesis of gangliosides, starting from lactosylceramide in the 0-series, from GM3 in the a-series, from GD3 in the b-series and GT3 in the c-series (for details on terminology, please see [135, 136]). As in branch extensions of glycan chains on glycoproteins, the α2,8-sialylation leads to di- and trisialosides