Fig. 2.

Scheme showing factors regulating IPCs in Drosophila. The IPCs (black cells) are regulated by multiple factors released from the intestine, fat body, endocrine cells (APCs) of the corpora cardiaca (CC) and brain. Green pathway shows lipid and carbohydrate-mediated Upd2 release from fat body that inhibits GABAeric neurons and thereby lifts tonic inhibition of IPCs. Red pathway shows glucose-mediated AKH release from CC that stimulates IPCs. Blue pathway is carbohydrate-mediated inhibition of AKH-producing cells that triggers release of limostatin (Lst) which inhibits IPCs. Finally, the magenta pathway shows adiponectin release from fat body that stimulates IPCs