Fig. 3.

Binding of AGE-induced transcription factors NF-κΒ and AP-1 on EΤ-1 and LOX gene promoter regions. a Schematic diagram depicting NF-κB and AP-1 functional binding sites in LOX and ET-1 promoter regions. b Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays (EMSAs) showing formation of NF-κB- (i, iii) and AP-1-containing complexes (ii, iv) using respective ET-1- (i, ii) and LOX-derived probes (iii, iv) after treatment with AGE-BSA (200 μg/mL, 72 h). Lanes 1, 6, 7, 12 free probe; lanes 2, 8 nuclear extracts from untreated HAECs; lanes 3, 9 nuclear extracts from AGE-BSA treated HAECs; lanes 4, 11 nuclear extracts from AGE-BSA treated HAECs pre-incubated with anti-NF-κB antibody; lanes 5, 10 nuclear extracts from AGE-BSA treated HAECs pre-incubated with anti-p-c-Jun antibody