Fig. 1.

Apilimod treatment or knockdown of PIKfyve increases the release of particles to the exosomal fraction. a PC-3 cells were treated in the presence or absence of apilimod (0.5 µM) before exosomes were isolated and concentration of the exosomal fractions was measured by NTA. b Size distribution of exosomal fractions shown as number of particles normalized by total number of particles for each treatment. c Total protein content in exosomal fractions. d Total protein content in cells after apilimod treatment. e and f Knockdown efficiency 3 days after transfection with siRNA against PIKfyve (25 nM). g The concentration of the exosomal fractions was quantified by NTA 3 days after transfection with siRNA. h Size distribution of exosomal fractions shown as number of particles normalized by total number of particles for each treatment. The results are plotted as dot plots showing the value obtained for each individual experiment as a single dot + mean values + standard error of the mean from 3–4 independent experiments. *; P < 0.05 versus control