Fig. 7.

In vivo immune response of the LNP S050L and Con-LNP. Mice were immunized with saline and HA mRNA⊂LNPs to compare the immune responses to the two distinct LNPs. (A, B) Overview of the experimental groups and immunization schedules. (C) Serum samples were collected from mice 2 weeks after the first immunization with mRNA-LNPs, and the levels of IgG1 and IgG2a were measured using ELISA. (D) Serum samples were collected from mice 2 weeks after the second immunization with mRNA⊂LNPs, and the levels of IgG1 and IgG2a were measured using ELISA. (E). HI titer against vaccine strains measured by HI assay using serum collected 2weeks after boost. (F) The numbers of HA peptide-Specific IFN-γ cells in splenocytes were measured using ELISPOT. (G) The concentration of TNF-α, IL-2, and IFN-γ was measured with ELISA in splenocyte culture supernatants. Data are represented as the mean ± SD. Statistical significance was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Statistically significant differences were defined as *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001.