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. 2024 May 20;20(1):2356341. doi: 10.1080/15476278.2024.2356341

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© 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 2. — Preservation of cardiac function by exosomes from TNF-α-treated BMSCs in the MI mouse model.

The protective effects of exosomes derived from TNF-α-treated BMSCs on cardiac function post-MI is evidenced through comprehensive assessments of key parameters, including Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) (a), Left Ventricular Fractional Shortening (LVFS) (b), Left Ventricular Internal Diameter at end-diastole (LVIDd) (c), and Left Ventricular Internal Diameter at end-systole (LVIDs) (d) at the 28-day mark post-MI. These comparisons elucidate the therapeutic impact of the administered exosomes on preserving overall cardiac function. Data were shown with mean ± SD. 10 mice were used for each group. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001 from Brown-Forsythe ANOVA test followed by Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons test.