TABLE 4.
Definition of functional training in included studies.
| Study | Definition in each study |
|---|---|
| Hany (2017) | FT allows one exercise to work out a much larger number of muscles to develop not only strength but also still dexterity and flexibility. The sand in the Bulgarian bag is necessary to use more force, energy, muscle groups and physical reserves of the body than when training with “iron” of the same weight in traditional resistance training |
| Chen (2018) | FT emphasizes the overall concept of training, emphasizes the value of core area strength, and emphasizes the multi-directional and multi joint linkage during the exercise process |
| Lukose (2018) | FT focuses on strengthening core strength to improve sports performance |
| Zuo (2018) | FT aims to improve overall physical fitness including explosive power, strength, and agility |
| Usgu et al. (2020) | FT attempts to train muscles in coordinated, multiple-movement patterns and incorporates joints, dynamic tasks, and consistent alterations for functional improvement. To improve performance, exercise training in FT should be performed in specific movement patterns required by different sports |
| Wibowo et al. (2020) | FT is an exercise that can activate several muscular groups, especially the core or core muscles. The difference between FT with other training such as traditional weight training lies in the tools, muscle focus, training methods, and training objectives |
| Bhardwaj and Kathayat (2021) | FT is to accurately perform fundamental movement patterns and maintain an optimal balance between mobility and stability |
| Zhang et al. (2021) | FT is a synthesis of training actions that aim to improve balance, stability, core strength, and dynamic motion abilities |
| Hovsepian et al. (2021) | High-intensive FT is a series of exercises that focus on high intensity, functionality, variability, and flexibility |
| Ding (2022) | FT emphasizes the movement chain of the body, efficient movement patterns, and basic flexibility and stability during the training process |
| Shang et al. (2023) | FT focuses on building the construction of motion models and a solid foundation in terms of physical stability, physical strength, and more |