Table 1. Characteristics of the studies included in this systematic review.

Author	Year	Country	Sample size	Age	Gender	Gemella species	Valve(s) involved
Brack et al. [11]	1991	United Kingdom	1	74	Male	G. haemolysans	Mitral
Terada et al. [12]	1994	Japan	1	64	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral and aortic
Kerr et al. [13]	1994	Ireland	1	29	Female	G. morbillorum	Mitral
Samuel et al. [14]	1995	United Kingdom	1	34	Male	G. haemolysans	Prosthetic aortic
Martin et al. [15]	1995	United Kingdom	1	75	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral
Ukimura et al. [16]	1998	Japan	1	57	Male	G. haemolysans, G. morbillorum	Prosthetic aortic
La Scola and Raoult [17]	1998	France	3	(01) 63, (02), 74, (03) N/A	(01) Male, (02) male, (03) male	(01) G. haemolysans, (02) G. morbillorum, (03) G. morbillorum	(01) Mitral, (02) aortic, (03) aortic
Mosquera et al. [18]	2000	Spain	1	77	Male	G. haemolysans	Aortic
Akiyama et al. [19]	2001	Japan	1	55	Male	G. morbillorum	Aortic
Purcell et al. [20]	2001	Canada	1	12	Female	Not specified	Mitral
Zakir  et al. [21]	2004	USA	1	44	Male	G. morbillorum	Prosthetic mitral
Elsayed  et al. [22]	2004	Canada	1	32	Male	G. bergeri	Aortic
Zheng et al. [23]	2008	Singapore	1	67	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral and aortic
Al Chekakie et al. [24]	2009	USA	1	44	Male	G. morbillorum	Prosthetic aortic
Godinho et al. [25]	2013	Portugal	1	72	Male	G. morbillorum	Pulmonary, mitral, tricuspid, and aortic
Ural et al. [26]	2014	Turkey	1	67	Male	G. morbillorum	Aortic
Shahani et al. [27]	2014	USA	1	73	Male	G. morbillorum	Prosthetic aortic
Yang and Tsai [28]	2014	Taiwan	1	67	Male	G. sanguinis	Aortic
Virgilio and Chieco [29]	2014	Italy	1	50	Male	G. bergeri	Aortic
Hussain et al. [30]	2014	UAE	1	24	Male	G. bergeri	Mitral and aortic
Kolhari et al. [31]	2014	India	1	34	Female	G. morbillorum	Mitral
Agrawal et al. [32]	2014	India	1	Middle-aged (exact age not mentioned)	N/A		Pulmonary
Ramchandani et al. [33]	2014	USA	1	40	Female	G. haemolysans	Prosthetic aortic
Pachirat et al. [34]	2015	Thailand	1	37	Male	G. bergeri	Tricuspid
Rosa et al. [35]	2015	Brazil	1	72	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral
Liu et al. [36]	2016	USA	1	87	Female	G. haemolysans	Aortic
Winkler et al. [37]	2016	USA	1	67	Male	-	Mitral
Ando et al. [38]	2016	USA	1	24	Male	G. haemolysans	Mitral
M et al. [39]	2016	India	1	4	Male	G. sanguinis	Tricuspid
Shinha [40]	2017	USA	1	37	Male	G. morbillorum	Aortic
Li et al. [41]	2017	China	1	28	Male	G. morbillorum	Pulmonary
Maraki et al. [42]	2019	Greece	1	21	Male	G. sanguinis	Bicuspid aortic
Youssef et al. [43]	2019	USA	1	81	Male	G. haemolysans	Mitral
Agrawal et al. [44]	2019	USA	1	38	Male	G. haemolysans	Mitral and aortic
Emmanouilidou et al. [45]	2019	Greece	1	85	Female	G. sanguinis	Mitral and aortic
Kobayashi et al. [46]	2020	Japan	1	54	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral
Sideris et al. [47]	2020	USA	1	53	Male	G. sanguinis	Mitral
Desai and Bonura [48]	2021	USA	1	72	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral, pulmonary, and aortic
Singer et al. [49]	2021	Canada	1	49	Male	G. morbillorum	Aortic
Dogan et al. [50]	2021	Turkey	1	37	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral and aortic
Patel et al. [51]	2021	USA	1	56	Female	G. morbillorum	Aortic
Tanveer et al. [52]	2021	USA	1	48	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral
Eslinger and Ahmed [53]	2022	USA	1	63	Male	G. haemolysans	Aortic
Rabah et al. [54]	2022	USA	1	56	Male	G. haemolysans	Mitral
Shah et al. [3]	2022	USA	1	53	Male	G. sanguinis	Mitral and aortic
Filip et al. [4]	2023	Romania	1	8	Male	G. sanguinis	Mitral and aortic
Cao and Yuan [6]	2023	China	1	37	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral and aortic
Lim et al. [55]	2023	Phillipines	1	40	Male	G. morbillorum	Mitral and aortic
Dini et al. [7]	2023	Italy	1	14	Male	G. haemolysans	Aortic
Gonzalez et al. [56]	2023	USA	1	30	Female	G. haemolysans	Tricuspid
Taimur et al. [5]	2023	Pakistan	1	31	Female	G. morbillorum	Aortic
Kassab et al. [9]	2024	USA	1	77	Female	G. haemolysans	Mitral