Table 1.

Zinc transporters whose mutations and SNP cause inherited diseases

Genes	Diseases	Chromosomal localization	Phenotype MIM no.	Clinical features
ZIP4	Acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE)	8q24.3	201100	Eczematous dermatitis on the perioral, perianal, and acral areas, alopecia, diarrhea, growth retardation. Ameliorated with zinc supplementation (1–3 mg/kg/day)
ZIP13	Spondylocheiro dysplastic Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (SCD-EDS)	11p11.2	612350	Postnatal growth retardation, skeletal and connective tissue abnormalities, finger contractures, joint hypermobility, protruding eyes with bluish sclera, decreased hydroxyl collagen levels
ZnT2	Transient neonatal zinc deficiency (TNZD)	1p36.11	608118	Erosive dermatitis around the mouth, genital region, neck, and fingers, diarrhea, hair loss, alopecia. Ameliorated with zinc supplementation during nursing
ZnT8	Type II diabetes (T2DM)	8q24.11	125853	Non-synonymous SNP R325 allele variant implicated as a 14 % increased risk for T2DM. Autoantibodies of ZnT8 are present in 60–80 % of T1DM onset
ZnT10	Syndrome of hepatic cirrhosis, dystonia, polycythemia, and hypermanganesemia	1q41	613280	Dysarthria, hypertonia, fine tremor, bradykinesia, spastic paraparesis. Blood manganese levels and clinical symptoms are improved by metal chelation therapy