Table 1.
Key features of reticular fiber and fibrotic networks
Reticular fiber network | Fibrotic network | |
---|---|---|
Physical characteristics | ||
Tissue gaps | 15–20 μm [7, 36] | <5 μm [7, 19] |
Disposition of matrix fibers | In conduits, ensheathed by FRC [35] | Linear and parallel [7, 22, 40] |
Phenotype of fibroblasts | Among many genes, FRC express αSMA, gp38, CCL19, CCL21, IL-7 [33] | Among many genes, fibroblasts found in fibrotic networks express αSMA, PDGF receptor-β, CXCR4, FAP, CXCL12, caveolin-1, LOX [46] |
Presence of T cells | Numerous T cells filling gaps between fibers [36] | Few T cells, very elongated along ECM fibers [7] |
Tissue localization | Secondary and tertiary lymphoid organs (chronically inflamed tissues, solid tumors) [30] | Wounded tissues, fibrosis, solid tumors [25] |
Effects on T cells | Promotes chemokine-dependent migration, facilitating encounter with DC [100] | In tumors, prevents T cells from contacting malignant cells [7] |