Cell adhesion molecule |
Fat4 |
Down |
Protocadherin |
DCHS1 |
Down |
Protocadherin |
CD44 |
Up |
Hyaluronan receptor |
Receptor |
Gs-coupled receptor |
Down |
Mediated by PKA and Rho |
G12/13-, Gq/11-, Gi/o-coupled receptor |
Up |
Mediated by Rho |
LIF receptor |
Down |
Mediated by Scribble |
Membrane-associated protein, cell junction protein |
Merlin/NF2 |
Down |
Interacts with α-catenin and Par3 |
FRMD6/Willin |
Down |
Putative homolog of Drosophila expanded |
KIBRA |
Down |
Interacts with Merlin, AMOT, PTPN14, and LATS kinases |
AMOT (AMOT-p80, AMOT-p130, AMOTL1, AMOTL2) |
Down or up |
Interacts with Patj, Merlin, and Rich |
AMOT-p130, AMOTL1, and AMOTL2 interact with YAP1 and TAZ |
Ajuba (Ajuba, LIMD1, WTIP) |
Down or up |
All three interact with LATS kinases. LIMD1 reduces YAP1 phosphorylation in MDCK cells, while Ajuba inreases it in mesothelioma cells |
ZO-2 |
Down (TAZ) or up (YAP1) |
Interacts with YAP1 and TAZ and promotes nuclear localization |
PTPN14 |
Down |
Interacts with YAP1 |
α-Catenin |
Down |
Blocks dephosphorylation of YAP1 |
Actin cytoskeleton |
High mechanical stress |
Up |
Rho and CDC42 activation |
Low mechanical stress |
Down |
F-actin capping/severing proteins |
Cross-talk with other signaling pathway |
Wnt pathway |
Up |
Phosphorylated β-catenin promotes TAZ degradation |
Wnt signaling increases PP1A-dependennt dephosphorylation of TAZ |
β-Catenin mutant stabilizes YAP1 |
Sonic hedgehog pathway |
Up |
Sonic hedgehog increases nuclear YAP1 via IRS |
Others |
LKB1 |
Down |
Mediated by Scribble, MARK, and LATS2 |
ILK |
Up |
Inhibits Merlin via MYPT1-PP1 |
PP2A |
Up |
Dephosphorylates YAP1 |
TAO-1 |
Down |
Activates MST2 |
SIK |
Up |
Phosphorylates WW45 |
RASSF |
Down |
RASSF1A, RASSF2, and RASSF5 function as upstream regulators of the Hippo pathway. RASSF6 works as a tumor suppressor in parallel to the Hippo pathway. RASSF4 may have a similar mode of function |
NPHP4 |
Up (TAZ) |
Inhibits the interaction between LATS1 and TAZ |
NPHP9 |
Up (TAZ) |
Translocates TAZ into the nucleus |
ASPP1 |
Up (YAP1) |
Blocks the interaction between YAP1 and LATS1 |
ASPP2 |
Up (TAZ) |
Promotes the interaction between TAZ and PP1A |
HIPK2 |
Up (YAP1) |
Increases YAP1 independently of LATS kinases |
ANKHD1 |
Up (YAP1) |
Forms a complex with YAP1 and is necessary for YAP1 full activity |
PML |
Up (YAP1) |
Stabilizes YAP1 by sumoylation and enhances p73-dependent anscription |
WRN |
Down (YAP1) |
Suppresses YAP1 expression |