Table III. —Characteristics of patients who underwent both T1 and T2 evaluations.
| Characteristics | rPMS group (N.=16) | Control group (N.=11) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, male / female | 10 / 6 | 7 / 4 | 1.000 a |
| Age (years) | 66±13 (68) | 60±17 (57) | 0.331 b |
| Lesion type, ischemic / hemorrhagic | 7 / 9 | 6 / 5 | 0.704 a |
| Days from stroke onset (days) | 24±10 (25) | 42±15 (40) | 0.001 ** b |
| Paretic side, right / left | 6 / 10 | 3 / 8 | 0.692 a |
| AHI (mm) | 12.3±4.1 (10.4) | 11.7±4.1 (10.8) | 0.716 b |
| NRS for shoulder pain at rest | 0.6±2.0 (0) | 0.6±1.4 (0) | 0.981 b |
| NRS for shoulder pain at movement | 4.0±4.0 (3) | 3.5±2.8 (4) | 0.716 b |
| MAS of shoulder adductors | 0.8±0.9 (1) | 0.5±0.9 (0) | 0.394 b |
| MAS of elbow flexors | 0.9±0.8 (1) | 0.9±1.2 (1) | 0.753 b |
| FMA-UE total score | 24.3±24.3 (9) | 29.2±19.7 (23) | 0.512 b |
| A [Shoulder/Elbow/Forearm] | 14.9±13.1 (7) | 19.4±11.3 (21) | 0.451 b |
| B [Wrist] | 2.6±3.9 (0) | 2.9±3.4 (1) | 0.577 b |
| C [Hand] | 5.4±6.0 (2.5) | 5.5±4.8 (5) | 0.610 b |
| D [Coordination/Speed] | 1.4±2.4 (0) | 1.4±1.8 (0) | 0.753 b |
| A-ROM of shoulder abduction (degree) | 57.8±76.0 (15) | 71.8±76.1 (60) | 0.481 b |
Data are described as mean±SD (median). AHI: acromio-humeral interval; NRS: Numerical Rating Scale; MAS: Modified Ashworth scale; FMA-UE: Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale (upper extremity); A-ROM: active range of motion. a Fisher’s Exact Test; b Mann-Whitney U Test; **P<0.01.