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. 2024 Apr 25;8(6):ziae058. doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae058

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© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Associations between baseline heel eBMD and incident CVDs (n = 399 297). Footnote: Estimates are from model 3 adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking status, BMI, alcohol intake frequency, physical activity, Townsend score, educational level, and BMI. The x-axis represents the sub-distribution hazard ratios (SHR) per 1-SD increment of eBMD obtained from Fine and Gray competing risk model. The y-axis lists incident cardiovascular diseases: IHD, MI, cardiomyopathies, HF, and AF.