Table 2.

Associations between baseline heel eBMD^a and prevalent CVDs^a.

Outcome	Model 1 n = 485 257	Model 2 N = 399 297	Model 3 n = 399 297
	OR (95% CI)
Ischemic heart disease	0.99 (0.98,1.00)	0.98 (0.96,0.99)	0.97 (0.96,0.99)b
Myocardial infarction	0.96 (0.94,0.98)	0.96 (0.94,0.99)	0.96 (0.94,0.98)b
Heart failure	0.85 (0.82,0.89)	0.87 (0.82,0.91)	0.85 (0.81,0.90)b
Non-ischemic cardiomyopathies	0.86 (0.80,0.92)	0.85 (0.79,0.92)	0.84 (0.78,0.91)b
Arrhythmia	0.97 (0.93,1.01)	0.96 (0.92,1.00)	0.95 (0.91,0.99)b

^aCVD, cardiovascular disease; eBMD, estimated bone mineral density.

^bDenotes a statistically significant result.

Results are reported as odds ratios (ORs) per 1-SD increment of eBMD. Model 1 is adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 is adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking status, BMI, alcohol intake frequency, physical activity, Townsend score, and educational level. Model 3: Model 2 + BMI.