Table 2.

Chemotactic behavior in a spatial cAMP gradient

cAMP gradient	Ax2	corB −	corA −	corA − /B −
Speed (μm/min)	9.89 ± 2.04	7.58 ± 1.71NS	3.37 ± 0.87***	2.58 ± 0.59***
Persistence (μm/min-deg)	3.82 ± 1.14	2.7 ± 1.27NS	0.84 ± 0.21***	0.59 ± 0.2***
Roundness (%)	54.5 ± 7.15	61.79 ± 6.71NS	72.82 ± 6.03***	64.93 ± 8.31***
Direction change (deg)	13.89 ± 6.29	25.69 ± 10.56**	42.34 ± 12.79***	43.96 ± 9.87***

Images were taken at 40× magnification every 30 s. In all cases cells were recorded over a period of 30 min. Cells were recorded and after tracing of the cells the centroid of the cells was determined by computer-assisted analysis (DIAS). This allows calculations of speed, persistence, roundness (ratio of the long and short axis of the cell), and direction change. Persistence is an estimation of movement in the direction of the path, direction change represents the average change of angle between frames in the direction of movement. The data shown here are derived from five independent experiments, the data for Ax2 and corB ⁻ are from Shina et al. [16]. The data from at least 30 cells were used for statistic evaluation. The statistical significance with respect to wild-type Ax2 cells was calculated using a t test; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; NS not significant at p > 0.05