Preclinical studies |
HGF gene transfer in ischaemia |
Improved angiogenesis |
Rat |
[40] |
2000 |
HGF gene transfer in hind-limb ischaemia |
Significantly increased blood flow |
Rat |
[42] |
2001 |
Administration of an adenoviral vector expressing HGF after ligation of coronary arteries |
Preserved myocardial function and geometry; decreased left ventricular dilatation and preserved wall thickness; reduced apoptosis of interstitial cells in the infarcted tissue |
Mouse |
[25] |
2003 |
Intramyocardial injection of human HGF plasmid DNA in ischaemic cardiomyopathy |
Improved cardiac function through increase in blood flow and decrease in fibrosis |
Pig |
[68] |
2006 |
Adenovirus-mediated high expression of human HGF |
Increased functional arterioles and improved collateral artery growth |
Pig |
[163] |
2006 |
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with HGF transplantation in acute MI |
Improved left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end systolic volume and end diastolic volume; greater cardiac perfusion, growth of collateral arteries and number of vessels |
Pig |
[165] |
2006 |
Adenovirus-mediated HGF gene transfer in chronic myocardial ischaemia |
Enhanced myocardial perfusion; higher density of newly formed blood vessels and number of collateral blood vessels; reduced area of myocardial ischaemia and improved left ventricular ejection fraction |
Minipig |
[164] |
2008 |
Clinical trials |
Phase I clinical trials; intramuscular injection of naked HGF plasmid DNA in patients with critical limb ischaemia |
No severe complications or adverse effects in any patient |
Human |
[168] |
2004 |
Open-label, safety and tolerance trial of Ad-HGF in 18 patients suffering from coronary heart disease; direct intramyocardial administration of the Ad-HGF |
No evidence of systemic or heart-related adverse effects; Ad-HGF was well tolerated and improved myocardial perfusion with a dose–effect relationship |
Human |
[166] |
2008 |
Phase I clinical trial; use of an adenovirus gene-transfer vector to deliver the human HGF gene to individuals with clinically significant coronary artery disease by direct intracoronary injection |
HGF gene transfer is safe and feasible |
Human |
[167] |
2009 |