Table 2.
CpG islands found in various P450 enzymes and their role of cancer
| CPG islands | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P450 | Region | Methylation status | Consequences in activity | Tissue/cell line | References |
| CYP1A1 | Enhancer/promoter | Hypermethylated | ↓ | Prostate cancer | [19] |
| Enhancer/promoter | Hypomethylated | ↑ | Lung of smokers | [20] | |
| CYP1B1 | Enhancer/promoter | Hypomethylated | ↑ | Prostate cancer | [25] |
| Enhancer/promoter | Hypermethylated | ↓ | Colorectal cancer | [26] | |
| CYP2E1 | Region not described | Hypomethylated | ↓ | Lung tumor | [31] |
| CYP2W1 | I. exon/I. intron | Hypermethylated | ↓ | Colon cancer | [35–37] |
| CYP3A4 | Enhancer/promoter | Hypomethylated | ↑ | HepG2 | [38] |