Fig. 1.

Structure of antimalarial drugs and CQ-resistance reversers. a CQ and related antimalarial compounds. b ‘CQ resistance-reversers’—compounds reported to restore (albeit partially) the sensitivity of CQR parasites to CQ. c The endoperoxide antimalarials currently in use (artemisinin and its derivatives), and two related compounds undergoing development (artemisone and OZ439). d Next-generation 4-aminoquinolines that are active against multi-drug resistant parasites, and two compounds (T3.5 and mibefradil) that possess intrinsic antiplasmodial activity as well as the ability to potentiate the activities of quinolines